Can someone tell me about famous climber, what they did, Gear you need, What you should bring, and everything l would need to know about mountain climbing?
How long does it take to climb a normal sized mountain?

l might pick another subject seeing that you have never climbed a mountain.....right?

You are asking for a 10 to 30 page answer. Minimum. l used to teach it for the Canadian Armed Forces. If you really want email me and l will send the letter. However do not cheat attatch it to your project and use what you are told as a basis for further research.

It will probably take me a few hours, so l hope your project is not due today.

Well some famous climbers r Dan Osman, he was a speed free solo climber. That means he climbed rock routes really fast without ropes. He died when he did a 'controled free fall' & the rope broke. Look him up on youtube for cool videos. There is Tom Crean. He was more an arctic explorer. An Irish man from Kerry, he was on a few very famous expeditions & was part of rescue teams in antartica, in the early 1900s, really interesting reading, there was a guiness ad based on one of his exploits. There is a guy called Joe Simpson who wrote a bood called touching the void. It was about when him & a friend went to climb this route up a mountain that was really hard & they got caught in bad weather & one of them went over the edge of a bluff, & the other guy thought he was dead(like after an hour) so he cut the rope. But he was alive & made it the rest of the way down with a broken leg. Really harrowing story. Channel4 made a documentary about it. There is also a movie/documentary called 'the beckoning silence' which I've been told is good.
As regards gear. There is a whole list. Starting from the feet up: Crampons, Rigid boots, thermal socks, thermals, waterproof pants, Harness, Waterproof jacket, helmet, head torch gloves & a hat. You also need ropes, gear (extenders, slings, nuts, hexes, friends, crabs, belay devices, nut keys) You need at least one ice axe, if you're not ice climbing. A rucksack, enough food, water, compass, map, map case, rock shoes can be handy, ice screws, first aid kit, survival bag, thermal blanket. If you're bivying u need a bivy bag & a sleeping bag, or if you're cheap u can make due with a survival bag instead of the bivy bag.
l am not sure about Himalayan stuff or stuff in the Andes from experience. But the most common & popular way of climbing mountains these days around the world is called Alpine style. Basically that means that u pack very lightly, just bringing enough equipment to last u for a day. This means u can travel alot faster than if u were dragging say a tent. You leave early in the morning when it is still dark, like around maybe three. That way also once you've done ur walk up & if u have to travel across snow, hopefully the sun wo not have hit it yet & it will be firm & u wo not be plodding. This alpine style usually aims to get the climb done in a long day. But sometimes u will climb up to the start of the climb & bivy there.

Some stuff u might google or run on wiki:
Altitude sickness,
First summits of famous mountains,
Climbing & adventure holidays,
Expedition climbing.

There were those guys that climbed Mt. Everest. l think they had a movie made about them. l heard it was sad because one of them died while up there, but that might be something to check out. There is also a book l believe.

You ask a lot, but that is a good thing.

l wo not get too specific about the details. Instead l recomend to go here first!

Reinhold Messner..he is the man.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhold_Messner

This guy is a legend! They broke the mold when he came out. He is one of my climbing idols.

once ur done reading that, do a google search for him, or get a book or two from the library about him.

After u have read some about him u will be able to maybe ask some more specific questions.

Since u r doing this for school...make sure u properly cite ur sources!